This is from Peaches and Penumbras, an
article on BOOKFORUM.
The last
line of the essay hurts because it is true, but it doesn't have to be.
"The poetry of our
time is dominated by a deep and sometimes rich skepticism about the self. When
Ginsberg was a countercultural hero in the '60s, such skepticism was embodied
by the work of Elizabeth Bishop, Robert Lowell, and W. H. Auden, among others.
Its presence has grown only more pronounced during the last thirty years
through the examples of John Ashbery (whose first book, Some Trees,
appeared the same year as Howl and Other Poems) and Jorie Graham
and a renewed appreciation of Wallace Stevens and George Oppen.
Ginsberg's strength was
the evocation of vulnerability, a sensibility that could never accommodate
skepticism because it grew out of his belief in the inherent innocence of the
self. Frank Bidart writes in his contribution to The Poem That Changed
America that, for Ginsberg, "within spirit itself there is no
unresolvable dilemma, no dilemma inherent in the demands placed upon it by its
own nature or the nature of being." The limitations or failings faced by
the self are not native to it but planted there by an external force, whether
that force is Moloch or Birdbrain or America. In turn, Ginsberg's
dissatisfaction with the world often manifests itself as betrayal instead of
despair. Ginsberg doesn't consider the world to be utterly indifferent to his
fate; rather, the world singles him out and inhibits him from realizing his
nature. Ginsberg's vulnerability is also at the root of his interest in
visions: He hungers to be possessed and awed by the appearance of something
miraculous in the world. The skeptic's experience of being overwhelmed by an
inherent and insurmountable human inability to comprehend the world with any
certainty is alien to him. And his vulnerability is what compels him to portray
the body as a stage where cosmic dramas play themselves out, as with the
wounded innocents in "Howl" who have "purgatoried their torsos
night after night" in the hopes of experiencing metaphysical bliss.
The wounded innocents who
populate Ginsberg's poems seem out of place, even alien, today, but that is no
reason to declare smugly that the Age of Ginsberg is a closed chapter.
"Howl" blew through an entire culture with fury and exuberance and
eloquence and charm, and it was the work not of the guru but of the young poet.
During the last half century, no poem, not even Ashbery's "Self-Portrait
in a Convex Mirror," has been able to match the prominence and resonance
achieved by "Howl." These days, few artists, let alone poets, are
hailed as heroic prophets, and no amount of cheerleading during National Poetry
Month will change that. Instead, it's the gurus—scrubbed, smiling, and
outfitted with respectable titles like "motivational speaker,"
"life coach," and "personal trainer"—who continue to
mesmerize."